A dictator who ruled Spain from 1936-1975, known for oppressing political opponents.

A dictator who ruled Uganda from 1971-1979, known for human rights abuses and expulsions.

A dictator who ruled Chile from 1974-1990, known for human rights abuses and reversing land reforms.

The leader of the Shining Path, a Maoist guerrilla group in Peru.

The founder of al-Qaeda, a terrorist organization.

The leader of the Indian nationalist movement, known for his nonviolent protest methods.

A leader of the American Civil Rights Movement, inspired by Gandhi's nonviolent methods.

An anti-apartheid revolutionary and former President of South Africa.

An anti-apartheid activist in South Africa, known for his role in the Black Consciousness Movement.

A South African Anglican cleric and theologian, known for his work as an anti-apartheid and human rights activist.

Both advocated nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience. King was directly inspired by Gandhi's methods and applied them to the American Civil Rights Movement.

Shining Path aimed to establish a communist state in Peru. Al-Qaeda aimed to target the U.S. and its allies for supporting governments like Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt.

Both were dictators who used violence and oppression to maintain power. Franco focused on suppressing regional cultures and promoting Catholicism, while Pinochet reversed land reforms and committed human rights abuses.

While both ultimately embraced nonviolent resistance, Mandela initially engaged in acts of sabotage, whereas King always advocated for nonviolent methods.

Both events galvanized movements for social change and highlighted the effectiveness of nonviolent resistance. The Salt March focused on independence from British rule, while the Montgomery Bus Boycott addressed racial segregation.

Both groups used violence to achieve their goals. Shining Path focused on overthrowing the Peruvian government, while Al-Qaeda targeted the U.S. and its allies globally.

Both were authoritarian leaders who came to power through military coups and suppressed dissent. Amin's rule was characterized by erratic behavior and brutality, while Pinochet implemented neoliberal economic policies.

Mandela was a political leader who spent years in prison for his activism, while Tutu was an Anglican cleric who used his platform to advocate for human rights and reconciliation.

In India, the goal was independence from British rule, while in the United States, the goal was to end racial segregation and achieve civil rights for African Americans.

Both left legacies of political division and human rights abuses. Spain transitioned to democracy after Franco's death, while Chile struggled to address the legacy of Pinochet's dictatorship.

Institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa.

The refusal to comply with certain laws or demands of a government for the purpose of influencing legislation or policy, characterized by nonviolent resistance.

The close relationship between the military and the defense industry that can influence public policy.

A struggle that Muslims experience, which can be internal or external.

A form of resistance against established power structures without the use of violence.

An organized rebellion aimed at overthrowing a constituted government through the use of subversion and armed conflict.

A process where the output of a system inhibits or reduces the activity of the system.

Unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power.

A political theory advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

A form of protest involving the refusal to purchase goods or services from a specific company or country.