All Flashcards
What is the Meiji Restoration?
Rapid modernization and industrialization of Japan after 1868.
What were the Tanzimat Reforms?
Ottoman attempts to modernize and westernize, including legal and bureaucratic changes.
What was the Self-Strengthening Movement?
Qing China's attempt to modernize through factories, railroads, and Western-style education.
Define Imperialism.
A policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means.
What is Nationalism?
Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.
What was the Duma?
A legislative assembly created in Russia after the 1905 Revolution.
What was the Boxer Rebellion?
An anti-foreign uprising in China aimed at expelling Western influence.
What does modernization mean?
The process of adapting something to modern needs or habits.
What is Westernization?
Adoption of western ideas, technology, and culture.
What is a bureaucracy?
A system of government in which most of the important decisions are taken by state officials rather than by elected representatives.
Who was Mao Zedong?
Leader of the Communist Party in China, rose to power after the fall of the Qing Dynasty.
Who were the Young Turks?
Reformers who launched a revolution in the Ottoman Empire in 1908.
Compare the Tanzimat Reforms and the Self-Strengthening Movement.
Both were attempts to modernize and reform empires facing internal and external pressures, but faced resistance and had limited success.