All Flashcards
What happened in 1492?
Columbus's voyage to the Americas.
What happened in 1521?
Cortes conquers the Aztecs.
What happened in 1526?
Beginning of the Mughal Empire.
What happened in 1600?
Beginning of the Tokugawa Shogunate.
What happened in 1602?
Dutch East India Company established.
What happened in 1624?
Queen Nzinga becomes ruler of Ndongo.
What happened in 1697?
Peter the Great travels to Europe.
What was the Columbian Exchange?
The exchange of goods, diseases, and food between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia.
What was the Pueblo Revolt?
A rebellion by Native Americans against Spanish colonizers.
What was the Stono Rebellion?
A slave rebellion in colonial South Carolina.
Compare Mercantilism and Capitalism.
Mercantilism: State control, accumulate wealth. Capitalism: Private ownership, competition.
Compare Chattel Slavery and Indentured Servitude.
Chattel Slavery: People as property. Indentured Servitude: Work for a set period.
Compare Maritime Empires and Land-Based Empires.
Maritime Empires: Focused on controlling trade routes and colonies by sea. Land-Based Empires: Focused on controlling territory and resources by land.
Compare the impacts of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas and Europe.
Americas: Devastation of Native populations due to disease. Europe: Population growth due to new crops.
Compare the Spanish and Portuguese colonial empires.
Spanish: Focused on extracting resources and converting natives. Portuguese: Focused on trade and establishing coastal trading posts.
Compare the effects of smallpox in the Americas and Europe.
Americas: Devastating decline in Native populations. Europe: Some outbreaks, but generally less impactful due to existing immunities.
Compare the goals of mercantilism and free trade.
Mercantilism: Maximize exports and accumulate wealth for the state. Free trade: Open markets and minimal government intervention.
Compare the social structures in Spanish and British colonies in the Americas.
Spanish: Race-based hierarchy (Sociedad de Castas). British: Less rigid social hierarchy, but still with racial and class distinctions.
Compare the Dutch East India Company and the British East India Company.
Both were joint-stock companies that dominated trade in Asia. The Dutch focused on Indonesia, while the British focused on India.
Compare the effects of coerced labor in the Americas and Africa.
Americas: Supported plantation economies and resource extraction. Africa: Devastated populations and disrupted social structures.
Who was Queen Nzinga?
A powerful African ruler who resisted Portuguese colonization.
Who was Peter the Great?
A Russian Tsar who modernized Russia through westernization.
Who was Cortes?
The Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztecs.
Who was Columbus?
An explorer who sailed across the Atlantic and reached the Americas.
Who were Peninsulares?
Spaniards born in Spain, at the top of the Sociedad de Castas.
Who were Creoles?
Spaniards born in the Americas, below Peninsulares in the Sociedad de Castas.
Who were Mestizos/Mulattoes?
Mixed-race individuals in the Sociedad de Castas.