All Flashcards
What are land-based empires?
Empires controlling territory and land through conquest and expansion.
Define Gunpowder Empires.
Empires that utilized gunpowder technology for military expansion and dominance.
What is the Jizya tax?
A tax imposed on non-Muslim subjects in Muslim-ruled states.
Define Sakoku policy.
The isolationist policy of the Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan, restricting foreign trade and influence.
What is a centralized government?
A system where power is concentrated in a central authority or ruler.
Define diplomacy.
The art and practice of conducting negotiations between representatives of states.
What is colonization?
The act of establishing settlements and control over indigenous peoples in a distant territory.
What is a feudal system?
A social system based on personal ownership of resources and a hierarchy of rights and obligations.
Define cultural exchange.
The sharing and interaction of different cultures, often within an empire.
What is a hierarchical structure?
A system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.
When did the Ottoman Empire rule?
From the late 13th to early 20th century.
When did the Safavid Empire rule?
From the early 16th to mid-18th century.
When did the Mughal Empire rule?
From the early 16th to mid-19th century.
When was the Tokugawa Shogunate?
1603-1868.
What was the significance of the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople?
Marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and a major expansion of Ottoman power, facilitated by gunpowder weapons.
What was the significance of the Ming Dynasty overthrowing the Yuan Dynasty?
Re-establishment of Han Chinese rule after Mongol domination.
What was the impact of the Sakoku policy?
Led to a period of isolation and unique cultural development in Japan.
What was the effect of the Ottomans lowering taxes?
Increased loyalty and stability in newly conquered territories.
What was the result of the Mughals abolishing the Jizya tax?
Reduced religious tensions and promoted social cohesion.
What was the impact of gunpowder weapons?
Facilitated rapid expansion of empires and rendered traditional fortifications obsolete.
Who were the daimyo?
Regional lords in the feudal system of Tokugawa Japan.