A period of rapid industrialization and economic growth in the US (1865-1898) marked by both immense wealth and significant social problems.

A society where purchasing goods and services is a major part of the economy and lifestyle.

The act of donating money or time to charitable causes, often by wealthy individuals.

The belief that wealthy individuals have a moral obligation to use their wealth for the benefit of society.

An approach to philanthropy focused on addressing the root causes of poverty, not just providing temporary relief.

Managers who made strategic decisions and oversaw large operations during the Gilded Age.

A movement advocating for greater opportunities and rights for women during the Gilded Age.

The ability to move up the social ladder, often through economic advancement.

Community centers providing social services to the poor, often staffed by volunteers.

A negative term for wealthy industrialists who were perceived to have made their fortunes through exploitation and unethical practices.

Men had significantly more opportunities in managerial roles due to societal norms and limited access to education for women. Women faced discrimination and barriers to advancement.

'Robber barons' were seen as exploiting workers and engaging in unethical practices, while 'captains of industry' were viewed as innovative leaders who contributed to economic growth.

The Gilded Age was characterized by industrial growth and social inequality, while the Progressive Era focused on reform and addressing the problems created during the Gilded Age.

Philanthropy is the general act of donating to charitable causes, while scientific charity focuses on addressing the root causes of social problems with long-term solutions.

Middle-class women often found clerical jobs, while working-class women typically worked in factories or as domestic servants. Both groups faced lower pay and discrimination.

Department stores transformed shopping into an experience, while mail-order catalogs expanded consumer access to goods, especially in rural areas.

Andrew Carnegie advocated for the 'Gospel of Wealth,' while other industrialists may have focused more on accumulating wealth for personal gain.

During the Gilded Age, advertising was used to create demand for new products. Today, advertising is more sophisticated and pervasive, using various media platforms.

In the Gilded Age, technologies like electric lighting and the telephone increased leisure time. Today, technologies like the internet and streaming services offer even more leisure options.

During the Gilded Age, women faced significant discrimination and limited opportunities. Today, women still face challenges such as the gender pay gap and underrepresentation in leadership positions, but have more opportunities overall.

Led to new forms of entertainment like sports and amusement parks, increased travel, and the rise of social clubs.

Transformed shopping into a new experience and contributed to the rise of consumer culture.

Allowed people to purchase goods from home, expanding consumer access and driving demand.

Created demand for new products and fueled the growth of consumer culture.

Made shopping and communication easier, further boosting consumerism and economic activity.

As businesses grew, the need for managers increased, leading to the rise of 'captains of industry'.

More women found jobs as stenographers, typists, and bookkeepers, though they faced lower pay and discrimination.

Wealthy individuals donated to charitable causes and established foundations to support education, healthcare, and the arts.

People volunteered in settlement houses and other organizations, providing social services to the poor.

A growing group of white-collar workers, business owners, and professionals gained economic power.