All Flashcards
What is Manifest Destiny?
Belief the U.S. was destined to expand across North America, spreading democracy and capitalism.
What is Popular Sovereignty?
Allowed territories to decide on slavery for themselves.
What was the Fugitive Slave Act?
Required the return of escaped slaves, even from free states.
What were Black Codes?
Southern states passed laws limiting the rights of freedmen after the Civil War.
Who were the Carpetbaggers?
Northerners who went South during Reconstruction.
Who were the Scalawags?
White Southerners who supported Reconstruction.
What is King Cotton Diplomacy?
The South's hope for foreign support based on cotton exports.
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
Freed slaves in rebelling states during the Civil War.
What was the Wilmot Proviso?
Proposed that all land won from Mexico should be free.
What was the Mexican Cession?
The huge land grab resulting from the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo after the Mexican-American War.
What was the Compromise of 1850?
Aimed to ease tensions over slavery, included the Fugitive Slave Act and popular sovereignty.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
Allowed popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska, leading to Bleeding Kansas.
What was the Dred Scott Decision?
Supreme Court ruled slaves were not citizens and had no right to sue for freedom.
What was John Brown's Raid?
Abolitionist raid on Harpers Ferry, further inflamed tensions before the Civil War.
What happened at Fort Sumter?
Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter, marking the beginning of the Civil War.
What was the Battle of Antietam?
Bloodiest single day in American history, led to the Emancipation Proclamation.
What was the Battle of Gettysburg?
Turning point of the Civil War.
What was the Battle of Vicksburg?
Gave the Union control of the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy.
What was the Compromise of 1877?
Ended Reconstruction, leading to the reversal of many gains made during the period.
What was the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo?
Ended the Mexican-American War, leading to the Mexican Cession.
Who was Harriet Tubman?
Conductor on the Underground Railroad, helping slaves escape to freedom.
Who was Stephen Douglas?
Proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act and popular sovereignty.
Who was John Brown?
Abolitionist who used violence, escalating tensions before the Civil War.
Who was Abraham Lincoln?
President of the Union during the Civil War, issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
Who was Robert E. Lee?
Confederate general, surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House.
Who was Ulysses S. Grant?
Union general, accepted Lee's surrender and later became president.
Who was Henry Clay?
Designed the Compromise of 1850 to ease tensions over slavery.
Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe?
Wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin, increasing anti-slavery sentiment.
Who was Andrew Johnson?
President after Lincoln, clashed with Congress over Reconstruction policies.
Who was Dred Scott?
Enslaved man who sued for his freedom, leading to the Dred Scott Decision.