All Flashcards
Define Behavioral Approach.
Studies observable behaviors and how they are learned through conditioning.
Define Biological Approach.
Behavior is based on physical processes such as the brain, hormones, and chemicals.
Define Biopsychosocial Approach.
Looks at biological, psychological, and social factors to understand behavior.
Define Cognitive Approach.
Thought processes impact the way people behave.
Define Evolutionary Approach.
Uses evolutionary biology to explain human behavior and survival of genes.
Define Humanistic Approach.
Humans have free will and the ability to grow, striving to reach self-actualization.
Define Psychodynamic Approach.
Focuses on the study of the unconscious mind and past experiences.
Define Sociocultural Approach.
Studies how thinking and behavior vary across cultures and situations.
Define Self-actualization.
The process of fulfilling one's potential and achieving personal growth.
Define Stigma in the context of mental illness.
Negative attitudes, beliefs, and discrimination directed towards individuals with mental illness.
What is classical conditioning?
Learning through associations between stimuli and responses. (Pavlov, Little Albert)
What is the key idea of the biological approach?
Biological factors, like neurotransmitters and genetics, are the root of behavior.
What is the key idea of the cognitive approach?
Our thoughts shape our behavior; maladaptive thoughts can lead to disorders.
What is the key idea of the evolutionary approach?
Behaviors that promote survival are passed down through generations.
What is the key idea of the humanistic approach?
Humans are inherently good and strive to reach their full potential.
What is the key idea of the psychodynamic approach?
Unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences shape behavior.
What is the key idea of the sociocultural approach?
Behavior is shaped by cultural norms and social contexts.
What is the main point of the Rosenhan study?
Demonstrated the power of diagnostic labels and how they can influence perceptions of behavior.
What is the biopsychosocial model?
An integrative approach considering biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and illness.
Explain the concept of 'unconditional positive regard'.
Accepting and supporting a person regardless of what they say or do, central to the humanistic approach.
What is the effect of low serotonin levels?
Can lead to depression, according to the biological approach.
What is the effect of maladaptive thought patterns?
Can lead to anxiety disorders, according to the cognitive approach.
What is the effect of not having an environment for growth?
Can lead to anxiety and inability to reach self-actualization (Humanistic).
What is the effect of unresolved childhood conflicts?
Can lead to anxiety disorders, according to the psychodynamic approach.
What is the effect of cultural norms on behavior?
Can shape expressions of anxiety and other behaviors (Sociocultural).
What is the effect of diagnostic labeling?
Can lead to stigma, discrimination, and self-fulfilling prophecies.
What is the effect of a stressful environment on healthy individuals (Rosenhan Study)?
Their normal behavior can be misinterpreted as symptoms of mental illness.
What is the effect of genetic predispositions, negative thoughts, and lack of social support?
Increased risk of developing depression (Biopsychosocial approach).
What is the effect of classical conditioning?
Learning through associations between stimuli and responses, potentially leading to phobias.
What is the effect of natural selection?
Behaviors that promote survival are passed down through generations, such as anxiety.