Biological Bases of Behavior

Realizing that a gas leak has been going on for hours due to the strong smell.

Quickly noticing the smell of smoke in a building.

No longer noticing the feeling of your socks on your feet after a few minutes.

Immediately turning off the TV because the volume is too loud.

Experiencing a phantom limb sensation after amputation.

The ability to maintain balance while walking.

Tasting food and perceiving its flavor through a combination of taste and smell.

Developing a tolerance to a certain drug over time.

Perception

Sensation

Transduction

Accommodation

25%

50%

75%

100%

To control the amount of light entering the eye.

To focus light onto the lens.

To capture and process visual information.

To transmit auditory information to the brain.

Sensory Adaptation

Transduction

Perception

Absolute Threshold

The JND is inversely proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus.

The JND is proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus.

The JND is constant, regardless of the stimulus magnitude.

The JND is exponentially related to the stimulus magnitude.

Detecting the difference between a 5 lb weight and a 6 lb weight.

Detecting the difference between a 50 lb weight and a 51 lb weight.

Detecting the difference between a 100 lb weight and a 102 lb weight.

Detecting the difference between a 100 lb weight and a 105 lb weight.

A reduced sensitivity to a constant stimulus.

The ability to detect a stimulus 50% of the time.

A condition where stimulation of one sense triggers experiences in another.

The process of converting stimuli into neural signals.

Damage to the rod cells.

The area where the optic nerve leaves the eye.

A blockage of blood vessels in the retina.

The absence of cone cells.