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  1. AP Pre Calculus
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How to convert 2x=322^x = 322x=32 to logarithmic form?

Identify the base (2), the exponent (x), and the result (32). Rewrite as log2(32)=xlog_2(32) = xlog2​(32)=x.

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How to convert 2x=322^x = 322x=32 to logarithmic form?

Identify the base (2), the exponent (x), and the result (32). Rewrite as log2(32)=xlog_2(32) = xlog2​(32)=x.

How to evaluate log5(25)log_5(25)log5​(25)?

Ask: 'To what power must I raise 5 to get 25?' Since 52=255^2 = 2552=25, log5(25)=2log_5(25) = 2log5​(25)=2.

How to solve for xxx in log3(x)=4log_3(x) = 4log3​(x)=4?

Convert to exponential form: 34=x3^4 = x34=x. Then, x=81x = 81x=81.

How to solve the equation log2(x)=5log_2(x) = 5log2​(x)=5 for xxx?

Convert the logarithmic equation to exponential form: 25=x2^5 = x25=x. Simplify to find x=32x = 32x=32.

How to evaluate log(10000)log(10000)log(10000) without a calculator?

Recognize that the base is 10. Determine the power of 10 that equals 10000: 104=1000010^4 = 10000104=10000. Therefore, log(10000)=4log(10000) = 4log(10000)=4.

How to simplify the expression ln(e7)ln(e^7)ln(e7)?

Use the property that ln(ex)=xln(e^x) = xln(ex)=x. Therefore, ln(e7)=7ln(e^7) = 7ln(e7)=7.

How to solve for xxx in the equation logb(x)=ylog_b(x) = ylogb​(x)=y?

Convert to exponential form: by=xb^y = xby=x.

How to solve for xxx in the equation 2log(x)=62log(x) = 62log(x)=6?

Divide both sides by 2: log(x)=3log(x) = 3log(x)=3. Convert to exponential form: 103=x10^3 = x103=x. Therefore, x=1000x = 1000x=1000.

How to solve for xxx in the equation log2(x+1)=3log_2(x + 1) = 3log2​(x+1)=3?

Convert to exponential form: 23=x+12^3 = x + 123=x+1. Simplify: 8=x+18 = x + 18=x+1. Subtract 1 from both sides: x=7x = 7x=7.

How to solve for xxx in the equation ln(x)=0ln(x) = 0ln(x)=0?

Convert to exponential form: e0=xe^0 = xe0=x. Since any number raised to the power of 0 is 1, x=1x = 1x=1.

Define logarithm.

The exponent to which a base must be raised to produce a given number. If ba=cb^a = cba=c, then logb(c)=alog_b(c) = alogb​(c)=a.

What is the base of a common logarithm?

The base of a common logarithm is 10. It is written as log(c)log(c)log(c).

What is the base of a natural logarithm?

The base of a natural logarithm is eee (Euler's number, ≈ 2.71828). It is written as ln(c)ln(c)ln(c).

What is the argument of a logarithm?

The number you're taking the logarithm of.

What is the base of a logarithm?

The base is the number that is raised to a power to obtain the argument. It must be positive and not equal to 1.

Define logarithmic scale.

A scale in which units represent a multiplicative change of the base, where each unit is a power of the base.

What is the logarithm?

The exponent to which you raise the base to get the argument.

What is Euler's Number?

Euler's Number is the base of the natural logarithm, approximately equal to 2.71828.

What is the inverse function of bx=cb^x=cbx=c?

The inverse function is x=logb(c)x = log_b(c)x=logb​(c)

What is the argument of logb(c)log_b(c)logb​(c)?

The argument of logb(c)log_b(c)logb​(c) is ccc.

What does the graph of y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x) tell us about its domain?

The domain is x>0x > 0x>0, meaning the graph exists only for positive values of xxx.

What does the graph of y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x) tell us about its range?

The range is all real numbers, meaning yyy can take any real value.

How does the base bbb affect the graph of y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x)?

If b>1b > 1b>1, the graph is increasing. If 0<b<10 < b < 10<b<1, the graph is decreasing.

What does the graph of y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x) tell us about its vertical asymptote?

There is a vertical asymptote at x=0x = 0x=0.

What does the graph of y=exy = e^xy=ex tell us about its derivative?

The derivative of y=exy = e^xy=ex is also exe^xex, meaning the rate of change is always positive and equal to the function's value.

What does the graph of y=ln(x)y = ln(x)y=ln(x) tell us about its derivative?

The derivative of y=ln(x)y = ln(x)y=ln(x) is 1/x1/x1/x, which is always positive for x>0x > 0x>0.

What does the graph of y=log(x)y = log(x)y=log(x) tell us about its derivative?

The derivative of y=log(x)y = log(x)y=log(x) is 1x⋅ln(10)\frac{1}{x \cdot ln(10)}x⋅ln(10)1​, which is always positive for x>0x > 0x>0.

What does the graph of y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x) tell us about its x-intercept?

The x-intercept is always at x=1x = 1x=1, since logb(1)=0log_b(1) = 0logb​(1)=0 for any valid base bbb.

What does the graph of y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x) tell us about its concavity?

The graph of y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x) is concave down for b>1b > 1b>1 and concave up for 0<b<10 < b < 10<b<1.

What does the graph of y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x) tell us about its behavior as xxx approaches infinity?

As xxx approaches infinity, y=logb(x)y = log_b(x)y=logb​(x) also approaches infinity, but at a slower rate than a linear function.