All Flashcards
What is the effect of friction on a system's mechanical energy?
Friction converts mechanical energy into thermal energy, reducing the total mechanical energy.
What happens when positive work is done on a system?
The system's total energy increases.
What is the effect of increasing the height of an object?
The object's gravitational potential energy increases.
What is the effect of increasing the velocity of an object?
The object's kinetic energy increases.
What happens when a spring is compressed?
Elastic potential energy is stored in the spring.
What is Kinetic Energy (KE)?
Energy possessed by an object due to its motion. Formula:
What is Potential Energy (PE)?
Stored energy that an object has due to its position or condition. Examples include gravitational and spring potential energy.
What is Mechanical Energy (ME)?
The sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system:
What are Conservative Forces?
Forces that allow energy to be converted between kinetic and potential energy without loss (e.g., gravity, spring force).
Define Work in physics.
The transfer of energy to or from a system by a force acting over a distance.
What is the Work-Energy Theorem?
The work done on an object equals the change in its kinetic energy:
What's the difference between kinetic and potential energy?
Kinetic: energy of motion. Potential: stored energy due to position or configuration.
Conservative vs. Nonconservative Forces?
Conservative: Energy is converted back and forth. Nonconservative: Energy is dissipated as heat or sound.
Positive work vs. Negative work?
Positive work: adds energy to the system. Negative work: removes energy from the system.