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Define mass-energy equivalence.

The concept that mass and energy are interchangeable, as described by $E = \Delta mc^2$ .

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Define mass-energy equivalence.

The concept that mass and energy are interchangeable, as described by $E = \Delta mc^2$ .

What is disintegration energy (Q)?

The energy released or absorbed during a nuclear reaction.

Define an exothermic reaction.

A reaction that releases heat energy into the surroundings.

Define an endothermic reaction.

A reaction that absorbs heat energy from the surroundings.

What is 'c' in $E = \Delta mc^2$ ?

The speed of light (approximately 3 x 10^8 m/s).

Define heat of reaction.

The heat absorbed or released in a chemical reaction.

How do you calculate disintegration energy (Q)?

Calculate the mass defect ( $\Delta m$ ) by subtracting the total mass of the products from the total mass of the reactants. Then, use the formula $Q = \Delta mc^2$ .

What's the first step to solving mass-energy equivalence problems?

Identify the change in mass ( $\Delta m$ ) involved in the process.

What is the effect of a positive Q value?

The nuclear reaction is exothermic, and energy is released.

What is the effect of a negative Q value?

The nuclear reaction is endothermic, and energy must be supplied for the reaction to occur.

What happens when mass decreases in a nuclear reaction?

Energy is released, according to $E = \Delta mc^2$ .

What happens to the surroundings in an exothermic reaction?

The temperature of the surroundings increases as heat is released.

What happens to the surroundings in an endothermic reaction?

The temperature of the surroundings decreases as heat is absorbed.