All Flashcards
What is diffraction?
Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or through openings.
Define constructive interference.
Constructive interference occurs when waves are in phase, resulting in increased amplitude (e.g., bright regions).
Define destructive interference.
Destructive interference occurs when waves are out of phase, resulting in decreased amplitude (e.g., dark regions).
What is monochromatic light?
Monochromatic light is light of a single wavelength or frequency.
Define 'wavelength'.
Wavelength is the distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave.
Compare diffraction through a small opening vs. a large opening (relative to wavelength).
Small opening: More pronounced diffraction | Large opening: Less noticeable diffraction.
Compare constructive and destructive interference.
Constructive: Waves in phase, increased amplitude, bright regions | Destructive: Waves out of phase, decreased amplitude, dark regions.
Compare diffraction patterns from circular vs. rectangular openings.
Circular: Concentric rings | Rectangular: Pattern of bright spots separated by dark regions.
Compare diffraction patterns from double slits vs. diffraction gratings.
Double slits: Evenly spaced bright fringes with varying intensities | Diffraction gratings: Sharper and more distinct bright spots.
Compare the effects of long vs. short wavelengths on diffraction around an object.
Long wavelengths: More diffraction (e.g., radio waves around buildings) | Short wavelengths: Less diffraction (e.g., visible light through doorways).
What happens when a wave encounters an obstacle or opening?
Diffraction occurs, causing the wave to spread out around the edges.
What is the effect of decreasing the size of the opening (relative to the wavelength)?
More pronounced diffraction effects.
What happens when wavefronts are in phase?
Constructive interference occurs, resulting in bright regions.
What happens when wavefronts are out of phase?
Destructive interference occurs, resulting in dark regions.
What is the effect of using a diffraction grating (multiple slits)?
Sharper and more distinct bright spots are created.