1. Identify $n_1$, $\theta_1$, and $n_2$. 2. Use the formula $n_1 sin \theta_1 = n_2 sin \theta_2$. 3. Rearrange to solve for $\theta_2 = \sin^{-1}(\frac{n_1 sin \theta_1}{n_2})$. 4. Calculate $\theta_2$.

1. Light must be traveling from a higher index ($n_1$) to a lower index ($n_2$) medium. 2. Calculate the critical angle: $\theta_{\text{critical}} = \sin^{-1}(\frac{n_2}{n_1})$. 3. If the angle of incidence ($\theta_1$) is greater than $\theta_{\text{critical}}$, total internal reflection occurs.

1. Measure the speed of light (v) in the medium. 2. Recall the speed of light in a vacuum (c ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s). 3. Use the formula: $n = \frac{c}{v}$.

1. Identify the indices of refraction (n1 and n2) of both materials. 2. Determine the angle of incidence (θ1). 3. Use Snell's Law ($$n_1 \sin \theta_1 = n_2 \sin \theta_2$$) to solve for the angle of refraction (θ2).

1. Light travels from a medium with a higher refractive index to one with a lower refractive index. 2. The angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle. 3. All light reflects back into the higher index medium.

1. Identify the refractive indices of both media (n1 and n2). 2. Calculate the critical angle using $$heta_{\text{critical}} = \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{n_2}{n_1}\right)$$. 3. Compare the angle of incidence to the critical angle. If the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, total internal reflection occurs.

1. Measure the speed of light (v) in the medium. 2. Recall the speed of light in a vacuum (c ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s). 3. Calculate the index of refraction using the formula n = c/v.

1. Identify the indices of refraction (n1 and n2) of both materials, where n1 > n2. 2. Use the formula $$heta_{\text{critical}} = \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{n_2}{n_1}\right)$$ to calculate the critical angle.

The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to a change in speed.

A measure of how much light slows down in a medium compared to its speed in a vacuum, calculated as $n = \frac{c}{v}$ .

A law describing the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction, and the indices of refraction of two media: $n_1 sin \theta_1 = n_2 sin \theta_2$.

The phenomenon where light is completely reflected back into the original medium when attempting to pass into a medium with a lower index of refraction at an angle greater than the critical angle.

The angle of incidence beyond which total internal reflection occurs, calculated as: $\theta_{\text{critical}} = \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{n_2}{n_1}\right)$.