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How do you apply the continuity equation to solve fluid flow problems?

Identify two points in the fluid flow. 2. Determine the cross-sectional area and velocity at each point. 3. Apply $A_1v_1 = A_2v_2$ to relate the areas and velocities. 4. Solve for the unknown variable.

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How do you apply the continuity equation to solve fluid flow problems?

Identify two points in the fluid flow. 2. Determine the cross-sectional area and velocity at each point. 3. Apply $A_1v_1 = A_2v_2$ to relate the areas and velocities. 4. Solve for the unknown variable.

What are the steps to apply Bernoulli's equation?

Identify two points along a streamline. 2. Determine pressure, height, and velocity at each point. 3. Apply $P_{1}+\rho g y_{1}+\frac{1}{2} \rho v_{1}^{2}=P_{2}+\rho g y_{2}+\frac{1}{2} \rho v_{2}^{2}$ . 4. Solve for the unknown variable.

How do you use Torricelli's theorem to find fluid exit velocity?

Identify the height difference between the fluid surface and the exit point. 2. Apply $v = \sqrt{2g\Delta y}$ . 3. Solve for the exit velocity, $v$ .

What is the effect of decreasing the cross-sectional area of a pipe on fluid velocity (incompressible fluid)?

The fluid velocity increases to maintain a constant volume flow rate, according to the continuity equation.

What happens to fluid pressure when fluid velocity increases, according to Bernoulli's principle?

The fluid pressure decreases.

What is the effect of increasing the height of water in a tank on the exit velocity from a hole at the bottom?

The exit velocity increases, as described by Torricelli's theorem.

What is the difference between mass flow rate and volume flow rate?

Mass flow rate: Mass per unit time ( $\rho A v$ ) | Volume flow rate: Volume per unit time ( $A v$ )

Compare and contrast gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy in fluid flow.

Gravitational potential energy: Energy due to height, decreases as fluid flows down | Kinetic energy: Energy due to motion, increases as fluid flows down (if potential energy converts to kinetic energy)

All Flashcards

How do you apply the continuity equation to solve fluid flow problems?

Identify two points in the fluid flow. 2. Determine the cross-sectional area and velocity at each point. 3. Apply $A_1v_1 = A_2v_2$ to relate the areas and velocities. 4. Solve for the unknown variable.

What are the steps to apply Bernoulli's equation?

Identify two points along a streamline. 2. Determine pressure, height, and velocity at each point. 3. Apply $P_{1}+\rho g y_{1}+\frac{1}{2} \rho v_{1}^{2}=P_{2}+\rho g y_{2}+\frac{1}{2} \rho v_{2}^{2}$ . 4. Solve for the unknown variable.

How do you use Torricelli's theorem to find fluid exit velocity?

Identify the height difference between the fluid surface and the exit point. 2. Apply $v = \sqrt{2g\Delta y}$ . 3. Solve for the exit velocity, $v$ .

What is the effect of decreasing the cross-sectional area of a pipe on fluid velocity (incompressible fluid)?

The fluid velocity increases to maintain a constant volume flow rate, according to the continuity equation.

What happens to fluid pressure when fluid velocity increases, according to Bernoulli's principle?

The fluid pressure decreases.

What is the effect of increasing the height of water in a tank on the exit velocity from a hole at the bottom?

The exit velocity increases, as described by Torricelli's theorem.

What is the difference between mass flow rate and volume flow rate?

Mass flow rate: Mass per unit time ( $\rho A v$ ) | Volume flow rate: Volume per unit time ( $A v$ )

Compare and contrast gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy in fluid flow.