All Flashcards
What is the effect of increasing the spring constant (k) in a mass-spring system?
It increases the restoring force for a given displacement, leading to a higher frequency and shorter period of oscillation.
What happens when a pendulum's angular displacement is large?
The motion is no longer accurately described by SHM, as the restoring torque is no longer proportional to the angular displacement.
What is the effect of increasing the mass on a spring in SHM?
Increasing the mass increases the period of oscillation, making the oscillations slower.
What is the effect of displacement from equilibrium in SHM?
A restoring force is generated, causing the object to accelerate back towards the equilibrium position.
What happens to the energy in SHM?
Energy is constantly exchanged between potential and kinetic energy during the oscillation.
How do you apply Newton's Second Law to SHM?
- State Newton's Second Law: . 2. Substitute the restoring force: . 3. Rearrange the equation: .
Describe the energy transformation in SHM.
- At maximum displacement, all energy is potential. 2. As the object moves towards equilibrium, potential energy converts to kinetic energy. 3. At equilibrium, all energy is kinetic. 4. As the object moves past equilibrium, kinetic energy converts back to potential energy.
Define Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM).
A special type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement.
What is periodic motion?
Motion that repeats in a regular cycle over time.
Define the period (T) of an oscillation.
The time it takes to complete one full cycle.
Define the frequency (f) of an oscillation.
The number of cycles per unit time, measured in Hertz (Hz).
What is a restoring force?
A force that always acts to bring an object back to its equilibrium position.
Define equilibrium position.
The point where the net force on an object is zero, resulting in zero acceleration.