All Flashcards
What are the differences between internal and external forces?
Internal Forces: Act within the system, do not affect the center of mass motion. | External Forces: Act on the system from outside, do affect the center of mass motion.
Compare real and ideal strings.
Ideal Strings: Negligible mass, inelastic, constant tension. | Real Strings: Have mass, can stretch, tension may vary.
Define Newton's Third Law.
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Define 'action-reaction pair'.
A pair of forces equal in magnitude, opposite in direction, acting on different objects.
What is an internal force?
Forces between objects within a system.
What is an external force?
Forces exerted on a system by objects outside the system.
Define 'center of mass (COM)'.
The point where all the system's mass can be considered concentrated.
What is tension?
The force transmitted along the length of a string, cable, or similar object.
Define an 'ideal string'.
A string with negligible mass that does not stretch.
Define an 'ideal pulley'.
A pulley with negligible mass and no friction.
What is Newton's Third Law?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Define internal forces.
Forces between objects within a system.
Define external forces.
Forces between an object in the system and something outside the system.
What is tension?
The pulling force transmitted through a string, cable, or similar object when it's pulled tight.
What is an ideal string?
An ideal string has negligible mass and doesn't stretch.
What is an ideal pulley?
A simple machine that changes the direction of a tension force with negligible mass and friction.