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  1. AP Music Theory
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In C major, what chord is V/V?

D major

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In C major, what chord is V/V?

D major

In C major, what chord is V/ii?

A major

In C major, what chord is V/IV?

G major

In A major, what chords are commonly tonicized?

E major (V), D major (IV), or B minor (ii).

In C major, what is the function of D major?

V/V

In C major, what is the function of A major?

V/ii

In C major, what is the function of G major?

V/IV

What does V/V - V typically create?

Strong pull to the dominant, then back to tonic.

What does V/ii - ii create?

Brief emphasis on the supertonic.

What does V/IV - IV create?

Brief emphasis on the subdominant.

What is the function of V6/5/V to iii?

Deceptive resolution in the secondary key.

What is the function of V/IV-ii6?

Irregular resolution, ii6 is a substitute for IV.

What is the function of vii/V-I6/4?

Irregular resolution, I6/4 is a substitute for V.

Analyze: C - G7 - Am - Dm - G7 - C - A7 - Dm - G7 - C

I - V7 - vi - ii - V7 - I - V7/ii - ii - V7 - I

What is Tonicization?

Briefly emphasizing a non-tonic chord as a temporary tonic.

What is a Secondary Key?

The key that is being tonicized.

What is a Temporary Tonic?

The tonic of the secondary key.

What is a Leading Tone Relationship?

An accidental resolving upwards by step, often indicating a temporary tonic.

What are Secondary Dominants?

Dominant chords that tonicize a non-tonic chord.

What is V/V?

The dominant of the dominant.

What is V/ii?

Dominant of the supertonic.

What is V/IV?

Dominant of the subdominant.

What are Cadential Extensions?

Harmonic extensions added to a cadence, either before (prefixes) or after (suffixes).

What is Regular Resolution?

Secondary dominant resolves to its tonic (e.g., V/V-V).

What is Irregular Resolution?

Secondary dominant resolves to a substitute of its tonic (e.g., V/IV-ii6).

What is Deceptive Resolution?

Secondary dominant resolves to the vi of the secondary key (e.g., V6/5/V-iii).