All Flashcards
What is the definition of Agriculture?
The deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth's surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for sustenance or economic gain.
What is the definition of Cultural Landscape?
A geographic area, including both cultural and natural resources and the wildlife or domestic animals therein, associated with a historic event, activity, or person or exhibiting other cultural or aesthetic values.
What is the definition of Agribusiness?
Commercial agriculture characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.
What is the definition of Extensive Agriculture?
A farming system that uses small inputs of labor, fertilizers, and capital relative to the land area being farmed.
What is the definition of Intensive Agriculture?
A farming system that uses large inputs of labor, fertilizers, and capital relative to the land area being farmed.
What is the definition of Pastoral Nomadism?
A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals.
What is the definition of Ranching?
A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area.
What is the definition of Market Gardening?
The relatively small-scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops, frequently sold directly to consumers and restaurants.
What is the definition of Plantation Farming?
A form of commercial agriculture in which crops are grown for profit. Large land areas are needed.
What is the definition of Township and Range?
A rectangular land division scheme designed to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior.
Identify a region where pastoral nomadism is commonly practiced.
Middle East and parts of Africa.
Identify a region where rice farming is a dominant agricultural practice.
Southeast Asia.
Identify a region known for extensive commercial cattle ranching.
The Great Plains of the United States.
Identify a region known for fruit farming.
California.
Identify a region where plantation agriculture is common.
Tropics and subtropics.
Identify a region where the township and range land survey system is used.
United States, particularly in the Midwest and West.
Identify a region where long-lot land division is common.
Regions with French influence, such as Quebec or Louisiana.
Identify a region where terracing is used for agriculture.
Mountainous regions, such as the Andes or Southeast Asia.
Identify a region where irrigation is essential for agriculture.
Arid and semi-arid regions, such as the southwestern United States or parts of the Middle East.
Identify a region that benefited greatly from the Green Revolution.
India and Mexico.
What is the First Agricultural Revolution?
The transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled agricultural communities through the domestication of plants and animals.
What is the Second Agricultural Revolution?
The introduction of new technologies and farming techniques during the Industrial Revolution, leading to increased agricultural productivity.
What is the Third Agricultural Revolution (Green Revolution)?
A period of increased agricultural production worldwide, particularly in the developing world, during the late 20th century, due to high-yield crops and fertilizers.
What is the Von Thunen Model?
A model that explains agricultural land use patterns based on transportation costs and market location; closer to the market, more intensive farming.
What is the Global System of Agriculture?
A complex network of economic, political, and social relationships that shape food production, distribution, and consumption worldwide.
Explain the concept of distance decay in relation to the Von Thunen model.
As distance from the market increases, the intensity of agricultural land use decreases due to higher transportation costs.
Describe the key characteristics of the Green Revolution.
Increased use of high-yield seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation to boost agricultural output.
What are the main differences between extensive and intensive agriculture?
Extensive agriculture uses less capital and labor relative to land, while intensive agriculture uses more capital and labor relative to land.
How does climate influence agricultural practices?
Climate determines which crops can be grown in a particular region; e.g., humid tropics for some crops, moderate climates for others.
What role does demand play in agricultural choices?
Demand influences what crops are grown and where, with more developed countries often purchasing luxury foods like tropical fruits and beef.