Causes: James II's Catholicism and attempts to centralize power. Effects: Establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the English Bill of Rights.

Causes: Desire for economic self-sufficiency and colonial resources. Effects: Exploitation of colonies and trade rivalries.

Causes: British-French rivalry and competition for colonial territories. Effects: British victory, expansion of British territory, and increased colonial tensions.

Causes: Taxation without representation and increasing colonial independence. Effects: American independence and financial strain on France.

Cause: British need to raise revenue after the Seven Years' War. Effect: Colonial protests and boycotts.

Cause: British attempt to support the East India Company. Effect: Boston Tea Party and increased tensions.

Cause: Desire to limit the power of the monarchy after the Glorious Revolution. Effect: Protection of citizen rights and establishment of a constitutional monarchy.

Cause: Mercantilist policies and investment in shipbuilding. Effect: Protection of trade routes and dominance in global conflicts.

Cause: Desire to weaken Britain after the Seven Years' War. Effect: American victory and increased French debt.

Cause: British focus on European affairs and limited resources for colonial administration. Effect: Increased colonial autonomy and self-governance.

A system of government where the monarch's power is limited by a constitution.

A document that protects citizen rights and limits the power of the monarchy in England.

An economic system where colonies exist to benefit the mother country by providing raw materials and serving as markets.

A trade system involving Europe, Africa, and the Americas, often involving the exchange of goods and enslaved people.

A monarchy where the ruler's power is restricted by laws or a constitution.

The practice of levying taxes on a population without granting them representation in the governing body.

A British company that controlled trade with India and played a significant role in British colonialism.

A distribution of power among nations that prevents any single nation from dominating.

A British tax on printed materials in the American colonies.

A British tax on sugar and other goods imported into the American colonies.

A Catholic king of England whose attempts to centralize power led to the Glorious Revolution.

Joint monarchs of England who came to power after the Glorious Revolution.

The Protestant leader who was invited to take the English throne during the Glorious Revolution.

Commander of the Continental Army and first president of the United States.

An American polymath and diplomat who helped secure French support for the American Revolution.

The King of Great Britain during the American Revolution.

A leader of the American Revolution and organizer of the Boston Tea Party.

The primary author of the Declaration of Independence.

A French aristocrat and military officer who fought for the United States in the American Revolutionary War.

Often considered the first Prime Minister of Great Britain.