All Flashcards
Who was Francis Bacon?
Formalized the scientific method and emphasized inductive reasoning.
Who was Rene Descartes?
Emphasized deductive reasoning and the scientific method.
Who was William Harvey?
Discovered blood circulation and disproved the humoral theory.
Who was Nicholas Copernicus?
Developed the Heliocentric Theory.
Who was Johannes Kepler?
Formulated the laws of planetary motion.
Who was Galileo Galilei?
Used the telescope to observe the night sky, supporting heliocentrism.
Who was Isaac Newton?
Developed the Three Laws of Motion and proved Earth's revolution around the sun.
Compare inductive and deductive reasoning.
Inductive reasoning goes from specific observations to general conclusions; deductive reasoning starts with general principles and applies them to specific cases.
Compare the geocentric and heliocentric theories.
Geocentric theory places Earth at the center of the universe; heliocentric theory places the Sun at the center of the solar system.
What were the causes and effects of the Scientific Revolution?
Causes: Questioning of classical texts, emphasis on reason and observation. Effects: New scientific discoveries, challenges to religious authority, development of the scientific method.
What were the causes and effects of the development of the scientific method?
Causes: Desire for a systematic approach to knowledge. Effects: Standardized scientific inquiry, increased accuracy and reliability of scientific findings.
What were the causes and effects of the discovery of blood circulation?
Causes: Observation and experimentation. Effects: Revolutionized understanding of the human body, disproved the humoral theory.
What were the causes and effects of the heliocentric theory?
Causes: Astronomical observations and mathematical calculations. Effects: Challenged geocentrism, led to conflict with religious authorities, advanced understanding of the cosmos.
What were the causes and effects of the development of the telescope?
Causes: Advances in lens technology. Effects: Allowed for detailed astronomical observations, supported heliocentrism, expanded understanding of the universe.
What were the causes and effects of the emphasis on individualism and reason?
Cause: Intellectual shift during the Renaissance. Effect: Fueled the Scientific Revolution, encouraging scholars to question classical texts and experiment.
What were the causes and effects of challenging the humoral theory of disease?
Cause: New anatomical discoveries. Effect: Shifted focus to anatomy, bodily systems, and physiology.
What were the causes and effects of new astronomical discoveries?
Cause: Improved astronomical instruments. Effect: Discovery of comets, nebulae, galaxies.
What were the causes and effects of the shift from geocentrism to heliocentrism?
Cause: Astronomical observations and mathematical calculations. Effect: Challenged the long-held geocentric view and shifted the understanding of the cosmos.
What were the causes and effects of the development of the microscope?
Cause: Advances in lens technology. Effect: Led to the discovery of microorganisms.