All Flashcards
Government policy towards NGOs in Russia.
Requires registration, restricts foreign funding, and subjects them to harassment.
Government policy towards media in China.
Tightly controls media outlets and internet access, censoring dissenting voices.
Government policy towards protests in Iran.
Suppresses protests with force, arresting and prosecuting participants.
Government policy towards civil society in the UK.
Generally supports and protects civil society organizations, recognizing their role in a democratic society.
Government policy towards human rights advocacy in Mexico.
Increasingly supportive, but faces challenges in addressing violence and impunity.
Government policy towards civil society in Nigeria.
Attempts to regulate NGOs, but faces resistance from civil society groups.
Government policy towards religious groups in China.
Requires registration and adherence to government guidelines, suppressing independent religious activity.
Government policy towards freedom of expression in Iran.
Restricts freedom of speech and assembly, targeting activists and journalists.
Government policy towards foreign funding of NGOs in Russia.
Imposes strict regulations and limitations on foreign funding, hindering the work of independent organizations.
Government policy towards civil society participation in policy making in the UK.
Encourages civil society participation in policy making through consultations and advisory bodies.
Cause and effect: Economic opening in China.
Cause: Shift towards market economy. Effect: Emergence of civil society focused on charity and legal reform.
Cause and effect: Government suppression of civil society.
Cause: Desire to maintain power. Effect: Limited political freedoms, restricted organizations, public mistrust.
Cause and effect: PRI control in Mexico.
Cause: Dominant political party. Effect: Historically limited civil society development.
Cause and effect: Authoritarian history in Nigeria.
Cause: Past military rule. Effect: Underdeveloped civil society, limited by government regulation.
Cause and effect: Death of Mahsa Amini in Iran.
Cause: Alleged morality police brutality. Effect: Protests against Islamic law, government crackdowns.
Cause and effect: Government crackdowns on protests in Iran.
Cause: Challenge to regime legitimacy. Effect: Arrests, executions, further suppression of civil society.
Cause and effect: Violence and drug cartels in Mexico.
Cause: Organized crime and impunity. Effect: Focus of civil society on human rights advocacy.
Cause and effect: Public mistrust due to corruption in Nigeria.
Cause: Perceived government malfeasance. Effect: Limited participation in formal civil society groups.
Cause and effect: Government restrictions on foreign funding in Russia.
Cause: Desire to control civil society. Effect: Reduced resources for independent organizations.
Cause and effect: 'Ni Una Menos' movement in Mexico.
Cause: High rates of femicide and government negligence. Effect: Increased civil society action and protests.
What is Civil Society?
Collective action of citizens based on shared interests, values, and goals, separate from government and for-profit businesses.
Define 'third sector'.
Civil society; the space where citizens organize to make their voices heard and their needs met, separate from government and business.
What is an NGO?
Non-Governmental Organization: National and international groups pursuing policy goals.
Define 'Political Participation'.
Citizen involvement in the political system, including voting, protesting, and civil society engagement.
What is democratization?
The transition of a regime from authoritarian to democratic, often influenced by civil society.
Define 'Authoritarianism'.
A political system where power is concentrated in a single leader or small group, with limited political freedoms.
What is a 'Flawed Democracy'?
A regime with some democratic characteristics but also significant limitations on political freedoms and fairness.
Define 'Regime Type'.
The form of government and political system in a country (e.g., democracy, authoritarianism).
What is 'Political Freedom'?
The ability of citizens to express their views, organize, and participate in the political process without fear of reprisal.
Define 'Femicide'.
The intentional killing of women because they are women.