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What is the key difference between ionic and covalent Lewis Dot Structures?
Ionic: Electrons are transferred. Covalent: Electrons are shared.
Compare and contrast incomplete octets and expanded octets.
Incomplete: Central atom has less than 8 electrons (e.g., Beryllium, Boron). Expanded: Central atom has more than 8 electrons (atomic number ≥ 14).
What are the steps to draw an ionic Lewis Dot Structure?
- Write the empirical formula. 2. Draw each atom with valence electrons. 3. Transfer electrons from metal to nonmetal to achieve full octets. 4. Use brackets around each ion with charges outside.
What are the steps to draw a covalent Lewis Dot Structure?
- Count total valence electrons. 2. Draw the central atom. 3. Connect atoms with single bonds. 4. Add lone pairs to outer atoms to complete octets. 5. Count electrons used. 6. Form double/triple bonds if too many electrons. 7. Add to central atom if too few.
In the Lewis structure of , what type of bond connects the two oxygen atoms?
A double bond
In the Lewis structure of , what type of bond connects the two nitrogen atoms?
A triple bond
In the Lewis structure of , what type of bond connects the magnesium and chlorine atoms?
Ionic bond