All Flashcards
What is the effect of increasing the magnitude of charge in Coulomb's Law?
Increases the electric force between the particles.
What is the effect of increasing the distance between charged particles in Coulomb's Law?
Decreases the electric force between the particles.
What is the effect of having more valence electrons?
The atom is more likely to form chemical bonds and participate in chemical reactions.
What are the steps to writing electron configurations?
1: Determine the number of electrons. 2: Apply the Aufbau principle. 3: Follow the order of increasing sublevel energies (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, etc.). 4: Use the periodic table as a guide.
What are the steps to drawing orbital diagrams?
1: Determine the electron configuration. 2: Represent each orbital as a box. 3: Follow the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule to fill the orbitals with arrows representing electrons.
What are the steps to determining valence electrons?
1: Write the electron configuration. 2: Identify the outermost shell (highest principal quantum number). 3: Count the electrons in the s and p orbitals of the outermost shell.
What are the differences between core and valence electrons?
Core Electrons: Located in inner shells, do not participate in bonding. | Valence Electrons: Located in the outermost shell, determine chemical properties and bonding behavior.
What are the differences between the Bohr model and the modern quantum mechanical model of the atom?
Bohr Model: Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed, circular paths with specific energy levels. | Quantum Mechanical Model: Electrons exist in orbitals (regions of probability) with different shapes and energy levels, described by quantum numbers.