All Flashcards
Who were Kenneth and Mamie Clark and what was their impact?
Psychologists whose 'doll test' study showed the psychological damage of segregation on children.
Who was President Eisenhower and what was their impact?
Sent federal troops to escort the Little Rock Nine, showing federal role in desegregation.
What was the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson?
Established 'separate but equal' doctrine, legalizing segregation; later overturned by Brown v. Board.
What was the significance of Brown v. Board of Education?
Overturned 'separate but equal,' declaring segregation in public schools unconstitutional based on the 14th Amendment.
What was the constitutional basis for the Brown v. Board decision?
The 14th Amendment's equal protection clause.
What was Brown v. Board of Education?
1954 Supreme Court decision ruling racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
What was the significance of the Little Rock Nine?
Nine African American students sought to enroll at Little Rock Central High School in 1957, facing protests and violence.
What happened in 1957 at Little Rock Central High School?
The Little Rock Nine attempted to integrate, leading to protests, violence, and federal intervention.
What was the impact of Brown v. Board?
Overturned 'separate but equal,' paving the way for desegregation efforts.
What was the Doll Test?
Psychological study showing the harmful effects of segregation on children's self-esteem.
What happened after Brown v. Board?
De facto segregation persisted, with funding cuts for integrated schools and white flight.
What was Plessy v. Ferguson?
1896 Supreme Court decision establishing the 'separate but equal' doctrine.
What was the response to school integration attempts?
Continued resistance, violence, and the deployment of the Arkansas National Guard.
What was the role of federal troops in school integration?
President Eisenhower sent federal troops to escort the Little Rock Nine and ensure their safety.
What was the impact of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, opinion, May 17, 1954?
This Supreme Court decision overturned the 'separate but equal' doctrine. It declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.